- the energy required to decompose a molecule, atom, or nucleus into its constituent particles, equal to the energy equivalent of the mass defect.
- the energy required to separate a single particle or group of particles from a molecule, atom, or nucleus.
- the energy that must be supplied to a stable nucleus before it can undergo fission. It is equal to the mass defect
- the energy required to remove a particle from a system, esp an electron from an atom
