- a member of an important tribe of North American Indians whose first known center was in the southern Alleghenies and who presently live in North Carolina and Oklahoma.
- the Iroquoian language of the Cherokee, written since 1822 in a syllabic script invented for the language by Sequoya.
- a member of a Native American people formerly living in and around the Appalachian Mountains, now chiefly in Oklahoma; one of the Iroquois peoples
- the language of this people, belonging to the Iroquoian family
