- the revolution in China in 1911, resulting in the overthrow of the Manchu dynasty and in the establishment of a republic in 1912.
- the events that culminated in the overthrow of the Nationalist regime and the establishment of the People's Republic of China by the Chinese Communist Party in 1949.
- the overthrow of the last Manchu emperor and the establishment of a republic in China (1911–12)
- the transformation of China (esp in the 1940s and 1950s) under the Chinese Communist Party
