- the officiating priest of a mosque.
- the title for a Muslim religious leader or chief.
- one of a succession of seven or twelve religious leaders, believed to be divinely inspired, of the Shiʿites.
- a leader of congregational prayer in a mosque
- a caliph, as leader of a Muslim community
- an honorific title applied to eminent doctors of Islam, such as the founders of the orthodox schools
- any of a succession of either seven or twelve religious leaders of the Shiites, regarded by their followers as divinely inspired
