- the 6,000-mile (9,654-km) retreat of the Chinese Communist Party and Red Army from southeastern China (Jiangxi province) to the northwest (Yanan in Shaanxi province) in 1934–35, during which Mao Zedong became leader of the Communist party.
- a journey of about 10 000 km (6000 miles) undertaken (1934–35) by some 100 000 Chinese Communists when they were forced out of their base in Kiangsi in SE China. They made their way to Shensi in NW China; only about 8000 survived the rigours of the journey
