- a province in central Republic of South Africa: a Boer republic 1854–1900; a British colony (Orange River Colony ) 1900–10. 49,647 sq. mi. (128,586 sq. km). Capital: Bloemfontein.
- a former province of central South Africa, between the Orange and Vaal rivers: settled by Boers in 1836 after the Great Trek; annexed by Britain in 1848; became a province of South Africa in 1910; replaced in 1994 by the new province of Free State; economy based on agriculture and mineral resources (esp gold and uranium). Capital: Bloemfontein
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