- an ancient country in southwest Asia, on the east coast of the Mediterranean.
- a disputed region made up of parts of an ancient country in southwest Asia, especially the Gaza Strip and the West Bank: a British mandate from 1923 to 1948; divided between Israel, Jordan, and Egypt in 1948; Jordanian and Egyptian parts occupied by Israel in 1967, with limited Palestinian self-administration beginning in 1994.
- a city in eastern Texas.
- the area between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea in which most of the biblical narrative is located
- the province of the Roman Empire in this region
- the former British mandatory territory created by the League of Nations in 1922 (but effective from 1920), and including all of the present territories of Israel and Jordan between whom it was partitioned by the UN in 1948
