- the branch of semiotics dealing with the causal and other relations between words, expressions, or symbols and their users.
- the analysis of language in terms of the situational context within which utterances are made, including the knowledge and beliefs of the speaker and the relation between speaker and listener.
- practical considerations.
- the study of those aspects of language that cannot be considered in isolation from its use
- the study of the relation between symbols and those who use them
