- a pronunciation based on spelling, usually a variant of the traditional pronunciation. The spelling pronunciation of waistcoat is [weyst-koht] /ˈweɪstˌkoʊt/ rather than [wes-kuht]. /ˈwɛs kət/.
- a pronunciation of a word that is influenced by the word's orthography and often comes about as the modification of an earlier or original rendering, such as the pronunciation of the British name Mainwaring, usually (ˈmænərɪŋ), as (ˈmeɪnˌwɛərɪŋ)
