- a city in the southwestern part of the Russian Federation in Europe, on the Volga River: battles in World War II, September 1942–February 1943.
- a port in SW Russia, on the River Volga: scene of a major engagement (1918) during the civil war and again in World War II (1942–43), in which the German forces were defeated; major industrial centre. Pop: 1 016 000 (2005 est)
